[citation needed] Due to excess testosterone secreted by the tumour, one-third of female patients present with a recent history of progressive masculinization.

Additional signs include acne and hirsutism, voice deepening, clitoromegaly, temporal hair recession, and an increase in musculature.

If it is secreting androgens the tumour is usually asymptomatic, but can cause precocious puberty in pre-pubertal boys.

In adults, this causes a number of problems including gynaecomastia, erectile dysfunction, infertility, feminine hair distribution, gonadogenital atrophy, and a loss of libido.

Testicular Leydig cell tumours can be detected sonographically, ultrasound examinations may be ordered in the event of a palpable scrotal lump, however incidental identification of these lesions is also possible.

[6] The usual chemotherapy regimen has limited efficacy in tumours of this type, although imatinib has shown some promise.

This approach involves an inguinal or scrotal incision and ultrasound guidance if the tumour is non-palpable.