Lipoteichoic acid

The structure of LTA varies between the different species of gram-positive bacteria and may contain long chains of ribitol or glycerol phosphate.

LTA's molecular structure has been found to have the strongest hydrophobic bonds of an entire bacteria[citation needed].

For example, LTA from Enterococcus faecalis is a virulence factor positively correlating to inflammatory damage to teeth during acute infection.

[3] On the other hand, a study reported Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG LTA (LGG-LTA) oral administration reduces UVB-induced immunosuppression and skin tumor development in mice.

[4] In animal studies, specific bacterial LTA has been correlated with induction of arthritis, nephritis, uveitis, encephalomyelitis, meningeal inflammation, and periodontal lesions, and also triggered cascades resulting in septic shock and multiorgan failure.