List of khans of the Yarkent and Turpan khanates

In 1713 Tsewang Rabtan captured both rivals, Khoja Daniyal and Ahmad Khoja, took them as prisoners to Ili and remnant of the Yarkent Khanate - Altishar ( union of 6 cities, it included Kashgar, Yarkand, Khotan, Uchturpan, Aksu and Kucha)-became a full dependency of Dzungar Khanate under Tsewang Rabtan (1697–1727), paying annual tribute from all 6 cities in amount of one silver tanga from soul, for Yarkand it was established in amount of 100,000 silver tangas, for Kashgar-67,000 silver tangas, this time Kara Taghliks were established by Dzungars to be responsible for collecting tribute.

In exchange, Tsewang Rabtan appointed Khoja Daniyal in 1720 a ruler of Altishar with obligation to deliver tribute to Dzungar capital in Kainuk (near present day Ghulja in Ili River Valley ) annually in person.

In his letter Burhan ad-Din Khoja claimed that he was appointed a ruler of Altishar by new Dzungar Khan Amursana ( previous Dzungar Khan Dawachi fled to Uchturpan after losing battle to Qing troops in Baghistan (Ili River Valley) where he was captured with his son Lodja Noyon by Burhan ad-Din Khoja's people in July 1755, then handed over to Qing troops in Ili on August 1, 1755, Qings delivered him to Beijing for imprisonment on November 20, 1755) and Amursana in turn was appointed a Dzungar Khan by the Qianlong Emperor, so Khoja Jahan must return to Amursana all taxes that Kara Taghliks collected in Altishar for several years since 1752 and beg him for his life and lives of all relatives after that.

Burhan ad-Din Khoja crossed Tengri tagh with 10,000 troops of mountaneers and arrived at Aksu in October 1755 which was already under control of his supporters, while his brother Jahan Khoja stayed in Baghistan, because he was retained in Ili in the headquarters of Qing Army officially as a temporary ruler of Baghistan, but actually like a hostage and managed to leave only after rebellion of Amursana against Qing troops.

In the ensuing bloody war Ak Taghliks under Burhan ad-Din Khoja emerged victorious and established full control of Altishar in January 1756 but brothers refused to submit to Qings after that.

Because resistance of Dzungars wasn't stopped and only increased, the Qianlong Emperor ordered to Military Council in Beijing on March 23, 1757, to take decisive actions against "Thieves and Criminals" and approved offer of Commander-in-chief of Qing Army in Dzungaria Zhao Hui to eliminate the whole Dzungar nation till last baby.

Amursana fled to Russia in 1757 where in the same year he died due to illness (smallpox), after that his dead body was handed over to Qings by Russian authorities.

In January 1758, the Qianlong Emperor ordered Emin Khoja to capture region of Chalish near Turpan and create a food base here for arriving Qing troops, that planned to start offensive against Altishar on spring.

When job was almost finished defenders of Kucha noticed the lights from the underground at night and dug pit on the rear of tunnel, then set up fire.

On December 23, 1759, the Qianlong Emperor declared that the military operation against Altishar is completed ( after delivering the head of Jahan Khoja to Beijing, the grave of Burhan ad-Din Khoja and his body were found by Qings in Badakhshan near village Argu, present Afghanistan, only in 1763) and New Line 新疆 (Xinjiang) on the West was successfully created.

Their sons and brothers were appointed by Qings as a local rulers, Beks (together with Kara Taghlik Beks, who supported Qings), in different cities and towns of conquered Altishar, that was divided into 8 administrative districts: Kashgar, Yarkand, Yengihissar, Khotan, Uchturpan, Aksu, Kucha and Karashar (Chalish) of province " Nanlu Bachen" or "Union of 8 cities on Southern Road".

By September 1761, total 31 Hakim Beks were appointed in the cities and towns of former Altishar to collect taxes, who monthly and annually delivered them to Qing Military Coverner of New Line 新疆 (Xinjiang ) in Ili River Valley in Dzungaria, the practice, that copied that of the former Dzungar Khans ( including regular sending of peasants, Taranchis, to cultivate lands in Ili to harvest crops for troops), who were finally annihilated, but were very soon replaced by the new Conqueror-Qing China.