List of wars involving Scotland

This is a list of wars involving the Kingdom of Scotland before the creation of the Kingdom of Great Britain by the Acts of Union 1707, including clan conflicts, civil wars, and rebellions.

For dates after 1708, see List of wars involving the United Kingdom.

*e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result unknown or indecisive, inconclusive (934–937) Norse–Gaels Kingdom of Strathclyde Kingdom of Dublin Kingdom of Deheubarth Kingdom of Gwynedd (c. 1034) Kingdom of England (1039) (1072) Part of the Norman conquest of Britain (1130) Kingdom of Ross (1164) Kingdom of Dublin Kingdom of Scotland Kingdom of France Duchy of Brittany County of Flanders County of Boulogne (1262–1266) Kingdom of the Isles Earldom of Orkney (1296–1328) Supported by: Kingdom of France Kingdom of Thomond Kingdom of Uí Maine Kingdom of Tyrconnell Kingdom of West Breifne Kingdom of Desmond Kingdom of Magh Luirg Kingdom of Oriel Lordship of Ireland Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton (1332–1357) Kingdom of France Supporters of Edward Balliol Treaty of Berwick (1357) (1296–1328) Kingdom of France Crown of Castile Republic of Genoa Kingdom of Bohemia Crown of Aragon Duchy of Burgundy Duchy of Brittany (Montfort) Kingdom of Portugal Kingdom of Navarre Flanders Hainaut Luxembourg English victory in the Edwardian War French victory in the Caroline War and the Lancastrian War (1377–1575) Scotland's involvement in the Hundred Years' War and low-level conflict over the border with England continued into the 15th century (see above), but Scotland was not involved in any wars that began in the 15th century.

(1511–1513) France Duchy of Ferrara Papal States Venice Holy Roman Empire Spain Swiss mercenaries (1543–1550) Kingdom of France (1040) Kingdom of Moray (1501–1505) Clan Donald (1545) Clan Donald Kingdom of England (1568–1573) Kingdom of England (1639–1640) Kingdom of England (1648) Scottish Engagers (1649–1651) Scottish Covenanters (1689–1746) Scotland (until 1707) Great Britain (from 1707) Part of the First War of Scottish Independence (c. 1294) (c. 1330–1688) Ended in Battle of Mulroy, a Clan Cameron victory (allied with Clan MacDonald of Keppoch), after which clan warfare largely ceased in Scotland (1391) Clan Robertson Clan Mackay Clan Lindsay Clan Gray (1426–1517) Supported by: Clan Keith Clan Ross Supported by: Clan Matheson (1440–1526) (1445–1452) Supported by: Clan Ogilvy (1452–1715) Supported by: Clan Fraser of Lovat (1452–1715) Supported by: Clan Munro (1454–1719) (1464–c.

1478) (c. 1480–1550) (c. 1480–1598) (c. 1480–1602) Supported by: Clan Mackay Clan Fraser of Lovat Clan Ross (1488–1586) (1517–1590) Clan Gordon (1570–1601)

Portrait of Constantine II , leader of the Scottish forces against Athelstan's invading army
Dumbarton Rock , chief fortress of the old Kingdom of Strathclyde
17th century portrait of Duncan I , leader of the Scottish forces who would die a year later in battle with Macbeth
Abernethy village, where the peace treaty declaring William I Scotland's overlord was signed
David I , King of Scotland in 1130. At the time of Óengus the pretender's invasion, he was serving as a judge at Henry I 's court in England
Stained glass window in Glasgow Bute Hall depicting Saint Kentigern , who supposedly led the Scots to divine victory over the Islemen
Alnwick , market town in Northumberland where William I of Scotland was captured by supposed 'divine providence'
Coronation of Alexander III , who revived his father ( Alexander II )'s ambitions to conquer the Western Isles - beginning the Scottish-Norwegian War
Robert the Bruce addressing his troops before Bannockburn (drawing from c. 1900)
The Battle of Neville's Cross , a heavy defeat for invading Scottish forces in which King David II was captured and held hostage for 11 years
19th-century painting of the Battle of Poitiers , in which Scottish troops were led by William,1st Earl of Douglas
A 14th-century illustration depicting an English herald arriving on Scottish troops
16th century depiction of Battle of Flodden , showing Scottish pikeman battling with English halberdiers
River Esk , site of the Battle of Solway Moss , a heavy loss for Scottish troops during which thousands drowned after an English ambush
Fields at Pitgaveny (then known as Bothnagowan), near Elgin , where King Duncan was slain
Achnashellach Forest , site of the final Battle of Achnashellach , where Clan Cameron , loyal to the Lord of the Isles won, before Domnall Dubh was captured by royal forces
Drogheda , Ireland, where the rebellion's leader Domhnall Dubh died, destroying the Hebrides' final hopes of independence
16th century illustration of the "Lang Siege" of Edinburgh, lasting from 1571 to 1573 and ending with supporters of James VI taking the castle
Signing of the National Covenant in Greyfriars Kirkyard , Edinburgh, prompting a religious civil war and rebellion in Scotland
Schematics of the Battle of Preston, a decisive Scottish loss under the Duke of Hamilton which brought an end to the Second English Civil War
Modern re-enactment of musketeers at the Battle of Inverkeithing , during Oliver Cromwell's invasion of Scotland
The Prince of Orange landing at Torbay as depicted in an illustration by Jan Hoynck van Papendrecht
Modern depiction of the Battle of Dunkeld , fought between Highland Jacobites in support of James II and Covenanters in support of William III
Loch Awe, site of the decisive clan battle, with Kilchurn Castle (seat of Clan Campbell) on the left
Druim Gleann Laoigh, likely site of clan's first battle - fought over rival land claims
Glen Brierachan, site of the final stand-off between the Stewarts' raiding party and the Sheriff of Angus
Strath of Harpsdale, site of the first clan battle between Mackay and Gunn and a "great slaughter on either side"
King James II of Scotland , who spent his early adulthood and reign in an intense power struggle with the Earls of Douglas
Arbroath Abbey , site of the first battle between Clans Gordon and Lindsay, which later tied into the Royal-Black Douglas feud
Ben Wyvis , below which the first battle between Clans Munro and Mackenzie took place to determine control over Ross
Beauly Priory , the lands of which saw many border disputes between Clans Fraser of Lovat and Mackenzie
Monument in Clachnaharry to the first battle between Clans Munro and Mackintosh after a dispute between the two over a "road collop" (passage money)
Coast north of Wick , on which a trial by combat took place in 1478 deciding the Gunn-Keith feud once and for all
Tarbat Old Church, built on the ruins of the church Clan Ross burnt with members of Clan Mackay sheltering inside
Bloody Bay, site of a father-son battle within Clan Donald of which Clan Maclean took the father's side
Five Sisters of Kintail , one of several sites in Ross where Clans Donald and Mackenzie clashed
Kerelaw Castle , seat of Clan Cunningham; sacked and burned by Clan Montgomery in 1488
Torran Dubh, the site of the first battle between Clan Mackay and Sutherland
Dornoch Castle , besieged by supporters of Clan Sinclair in 1570, three members of Clan Murray (supporters of Clan Sutherland ) being beheaded after surrendering a week later