Microwave Radiometer (Juno)

[2] In August 2016, as Juno swung closely by the planet MWR achieved a penetration of 200 to 250 miles (350 to 400 kilometers) below the surface cloud layer.

[3] MWR was launched aboard the Juno spacecraft on August 5, 2011 (UTC) from Cape Canaveral, USA, as part of the New Frontiers program,[6] and after an interplanetary journey that including a swingby of Earth, entered a polar orbit of Jupiter on July 5, 2016 (UTC),[7][8] The electronics for MWR are located inside the Juno Radiation Vault, which uses titanium to protect it and other spacecraft electronics.

[4] Determining the features and abundances of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur at up to 100 bar of pressure (1451 psi) will shed light on the origins and nature of Jupiter.

[5] Overall MWR is designed to look down as deep as roughly 1,000 atmospheres (or bar or kPa), which is about 342 miles (550 kilometers) down inside Jupiter.

One of the molecules MWR is intended to look for inside Jupiter is water, which it is hoped will help explain the formation of the Solar System.

[3] (1000 bar is about 14,500 psi, or 100000 kPa) MWR has six separate antennas of different size that are mounted to the sides of the Juno spacecraft body.

[12] On Perijove 7, which was the sixth science orbit MWR took readings of Jupiter's great red storm down to dozens of kilometers/miles of depth below the surface layers.