[7][8] One of Jani’s ancestors, Mir Dhu’n-Nun Beg revolted against the Timurid government in Herat and began expanding his rule in the direction of Balochistan and Sindh through wars with the local Samma clan.

[7] Historically, the Arghuns attempted to preserve friendly connections with the Mughals by asserting a shared lineage, but  due to the increasing Portuguese presence in the region, Akbar dismissed this and aimed to subjugate them.

[10] As a result, Mughal domination extended over Bhakkar and Siwistan by the 16th century, and the rest of Sindh was assigned to Jani Beg as jagir.

[10] One of the first instances of this conflict took place in 1586 when Nawab Muhammad Sadiq Khan, the Mughal governor of Bhakkar, laid siege on the Tarkhan territory.

[7][10] However, Jani Beg defended his city valiantly, and with his exceptional military prowess, he assembled a force of indigenous tribesmen and enlisted the aid of Portuguese mercenaries to construct a fleet capable of attacking the rear of the Mughal army and severing their supply line.

He tenaciously defended his position for two years, during which he lost his father Mirza Paynda and his son Abu’l Fath in the war casualties.

[13] The Dhakhirat al-Khawanin says that during this battle against the Mughals, Mir Masum took Khan-i-Khanan to Makhdum Qadi Uthman, the mujtahid of the time, who showed the latter a dream of Muhammad.

As a result of this dream, Khan-i-Khanan was given the keys to Thatta, and the saints of Sindh (Makhdum Nuh, Miyan Wahya, and Shaikh Baraka) conveyed this decision to Jani Beg.

[7] Despite his brave and skillful defense, the balance of power tipped in favor of the Mughals, and Jani was ultimately forced to hand over his area of influence in 1593.

[10] As a result of his heroic efforts in the battle against the Mughals, Akbar bestowed Jani Beg with a mansab rank of 5000 and held him in high regard.