489918181ENSG00000106459ENSMUSG00000058440Q16656Q9WU00NM_005011NM_001040110NM_001293163NM_001293164NM_010938NM_001361692NM_001361693NM_001361694NM_001361695NP_001035199NP_001280092NP_001280093NP_005002NP_035068NP_001348621NP_001348622NP_001348623NP_001348624Nuclear respiratory factor 1, also known as Nrf1, Nrf-1, NRF1 and NRF-1, encodes a protein that homodimerizes and functions as a transcription factor which activates the expression of some key metabolic genes regulating cellular growth and nuclear genes required for respiration, heme biosynthesis, and mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication.

[citation needed] Nrf1 functions as a transcription factor that activates the expression of some key metabolic genes regulating cellular growth and nuclear genes required for mitochondrial respiration, and mitochondrial DNA transcription and replication.

Nrf1, together with Nrf2, mediates the biogenomic coordination between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes by directly regulating the expression of several nuclear-encoded ETC proteins, and indirectly regulating the three mitochondrial-encoded COX subunit genes by activating mtTFA, mtTFB1, and mtTFB2.

[6] Cyclin D1-dependent kinase, through phosphorylating NRF-1 at S47, coordinates nuclear DNA synthesis and mitochondrial function.

[10] This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.