The Nascentes do Rio Taquari State Park is divided between the municipalities of Alcinópolis (82.7%) and Costa Rica (17.3%) in Mato Grosso do Sul.

[3] The park contains six large canyons formed over millions of years in the Chapadão de Baús on the western edge of the Brazilian central plateau.

The park has archaeological sites that date back 11,000 years, with traces in caves of ancient rock paintings and petroglyphs.

[7] Implementation of the park was made as a compensatory measure by the railway company Ferrovia Norte-Brasil (FERRONORTE) for engaging in work that had an environmental impact in the state.

[3] Decree 9.663 of 9 October 1999 provided for expropriation of privately owned lands in the state park, with the expense of compensation to be born by FERRONORTE.