The northern terminus is at an intersection with Nebraska Highway 70 east of Arcadia.

Nebraska Highway 58 begins at U.S. Route 281 near St. Libory, heading west through farmland.

At Dannebrog, the road forms a concurrency with Nebraska Highway 11 and heads southwest.

The two roads split and Highway 58 heads west as it passes through Boelus.

In Rockville, the road intersects Nebraska Highway 68 and turns northwest.