The crater is 3.6 km (2.2 mi) in diameter at its widest and 100 metres (110 yd) deep.

Between 1981 and 2016 there are marked areas of drying in parts of northeast and much of southern Tanzania.

A clear warming trend is apparent in annual temperature.

Taken together these changes suggest more variable rainfall, with both higher likelihood of dry spells (such as droughts) and a higher likelihood of intense rainfall events (often associated with flooding).

Climate change impacts of severe droughts, floods, livestock deaths, crop failures and outbreak of disease (such as cholera and malaria) are likely to be regularly observed.