NC 126 has changed little since it was established in 1940, thus the entire route has many curves as it bends around Lake James.

It serves primarily to connect the people that live on the north side of Lake James to Marion and Morganton; secondary as a scenic route and access to Lake James State Park.

NC 126 makes up the southern section of the byway (5 miles (8.0 km)).

It is noted for being part of the "Overmountain Victory Trail Commemorative Motor Route" and nearby Lake James State Park.

[2] In 1933, NC 126 was established between US 258/NC 12, near Snow Hill, to US 17/NC 30 Wilmar.