It runs a general southwest–northeast course for 22.7 miles (36.5 km) in northern Oklahoma.

SH-123 begins east of Barnsdall, Oklahoma, in Osage County at State Highway 11.

It heads north to the Woolaroc Museum before turning northeast.

As it approaches the Washington County line, it turns northward to parallel it.

[2] SH-123 then enters western Bartlesville, overlapping US-60 for one-fifth of a mile (0.3 km).