PEDOT:PSS

For example, AGFA coats 200 million photographic films per year[citation needed] with a thin, extensively-stretched layer of virtually transparent and colorless PEDOT:PSS as an antistatic agent to prevent electrostatic discharges during production and normal film use, independent of humidity conditions, and as electrolyte in polymer electrolytic capacitors.

[clarification needed] If organic compounds, including high boiling solvents like methylpyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, sorbitol, ionic liquids and surfactants, are added conductivity increases by many orders of magnitude.

The conductivity of PEDOT:PSS can also be significantly improved by a post-treatment with various compounds, such as ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), salts, zwitterions, cosolvents, acids, alcohols, phenol, geminal diols and amphiphilic fluoro-compounds.

Finally, to overcome degradation to ultraviolet light and high temperature or humidity conditions PEDOT:PSS UV-stabilizers are available.

[26] The most important characteristics for an organic semiconductor used in thin-film architectures are low modulus in the elastic regime and high stretchability prior to fracture.

[27] At high relative humidity (>40%) hydrogen bonds are weakened in the PSS due to the uptake of water which leads to higher strain before fracture and lower elastic modulus.

At low relative humidity (<23%) the presence of strong bonding between PSS grains leads to higher modulus and lower strain before fracture.

Additives like 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GOPS) can drastically improve the mechanical stability in aqueous media even at low concentrations of 1 wt% without significantly impeding the electrical properties.