Pakudha Kaccāyana was an Indian teacher and philosopher who lived around the 6th century BCE, contemporaneous with Mahavira and the Buddha.
[1] According to Pakudha, there are seven eternal "elements": Earth, Water, Fire, Air, Joy, Sorrow and Life.
If he crossed a stream he would consider this as a sin, and would make expiation by constructing a mound of earth.
[6] He did not speak of God, soul and the other world which has led some scholars considered him also as a materialist.
Elsewhere however, he is spoken of as having been highly honoured by the people, a teacher of large and well reputed schools, with numerous followers.