Paramontroseite

The name paramontroseite is derived from the Greek παρα (para), meaning near, and montroseite [uk], a related mineral.

[4][a] Names in other languages include Paramontroseit (German), paramontroseita (Spanish), парамонтрозеит (Russian) and 副黑钒矿 副黑铁钒矿 (Chinese).

[8] The type locality is Bitter Creek Mine, Paradox Valley, Uravan District, Montrose County, Colorado, USA.

[10] It has also been reported from locations in the Czech Republic, Mendoza Province, Argentina and the Mounana uranium mine near Franceville, Gabon.

[10] Paramontrosite has also been found in an outcrop on the Van Irvine Ranch in the Pumpkin Buttes area of Wyoming, USA, associated with sulfides in red sandstone.

[13] Deposits of montroseite (V,Fe)OOH and paramontroseite VO2 have been found in the Saltwash Sandstone Member of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation in the Colorado Plateau.

[17] The primary difference between the crystal structures of the two minerals is that the oxygen–oxygen distance increases from 2.63Å in montroseite to 3.87Å in paramontroseite due to the loss of hydrogen in the latter.

[22] Paramontroseite may dissolve in slightly alkaline conditions, then combine with Ca++ to form simplotite [ca]:[23] Autophagy is a process of cellular degradation that is essential in preserving homeostasis of cells.

It is often thought that when autophagosomes encapsulate and trap inorganic nanoparticles they may be unable to degrade them and the cell's well-being may be threatened.

[26] Monoclinic vanadium dioxide VO2(M) is potentially of great value for applications such as intelligent temperature sensors and smart windows.

A transformation from goethite VOOH to synthetic "paramontroseite" VO2 to the desired monoclinic VO2(M) promises to greatly reduce cost and time.

[28] It is classified as follows:[29] Physical properties of Paramontroseite include The X-ray powder diffraction pattern for a Bitter Creek mine sample is 3.39 (100), 2.645 (50), 4.35 (35), 2.213 (35), 1.426 (35), 2.479 (25), 2.179 (25).