Peter Scheiffele (born 21 December 1969 in Berlin) is a German neurobiologist who conducts research at the Biozentrum of the University of Basel, Switzerland.

In 2001 he was appointed as an assistant professor in the Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics at Columbia University, New York, and conducted research in the field of neurobiology.

[3] Since 2008 Peter Scheiffele is a Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology at the Biozentrum of the University of Basel.

Peter Scheiffele discovered that the neuronal adhesion molecules neuroligin and neurexin play an important role in synapse formation.

[4] In his current work he is collaborating with a network of European researchers to uncover pathophysiology and treatment approaches for autism spectrum disorders.