Polar-ring galaxy

One possibility is that a material is tidally stripped from a passing galaxy to produce the polar ring.

[8] Only some years later, when the first observations of the stellar and gas motion of polar-ring elliptical and S0 galaxies were possible with a better spectroscopic technology, the external origin of the gaseous rings was clarified.

Furthermore, 37 galaxies with their assumed polar rings highly tilted towards the observer (appearing nearly directly in front).

On average, the SPRC objects are dimmer and positioned at a greater distance compared to the galaxies from the PRC.

In 2019, 31 new polar-ring galaxy candidates were found with the use of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.