[3] The province contains, among the numerous historical sites, the Roman settlement of Helvia Recina, destroyed by orders of Alaric I, King of the Visigoths, in 408.

The province was part of the Papal States from 1445 (with an interruption during the French invasion during the Napoleonic Wars), until the unification of Italy in 1860.

[3] Cingoli was founded in the province as Cingulum, also known as "The Balcony of the Marche" due to its views of the surroundings.

Tolentino was founded by the Romans as Tolentinum, while Recanati is widely known as the birthplace of poet Giacomo Leopardi.

Massimo Girotti, an actor, was born in Mogliano in the province of Macerata.