However, the eastern side of the county is largely flat with fertile soils typical of the Delta, with the Black River roughly dividing the regions.

Other historical features such as log cabins, one-room school houses, community centers, and museums describe the history and culture of Randolph County.

St. Bernards Five Rivers Medical Center in Pocahontas is a community hospital providing primary care in the county.

Water is an extremely important part of Randolph County's geography, history, economy, and culture.

The many rivers, streams, and ditches crossing the county have featured prominently since prehistoric times, and many of the hundreds of archaeological sites are along waterways.

The Fourche River enters Randolph County near Doniphan, Missouri and runs south to meet the Black east of Pocahontas.

The Eleven Point River enters from Missouri near Billmore and runs south to empty into the Spring just west of the state park.

Control of the rivers and Pitman's Ferry led to military action in the county during the Civil War, including a skirmish in 1862.

Randolph County contains one state park, Davidsonville Historic State Park, and two Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs), Dave Donaldson/Black River WMA and Robert L. Hankins/Mud Creek Upland WMA, owned by the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission.

Created in 1957, Black River WMA contains over 25,000 acres (10,000 ha) total and extends into Clay and Greene counties.

As of October 2015, the Randolph County unemployment rate was 5.9%, down significantly from a peak of 10.3% in 2011 during the height of the Great Recession.

Both high schools offer Advanced Placement (AP) courses, concurrent credit agreements with nearby Black River Technical College (BRTC), and are accredited by the Arkansas Department of Education (ADE).

RCL offers books, e-books, media, reference, youth, business and genealogy services.

The agency is led by the Randolph County Sheriff, an official elected by countywide vote every four years.

[29] Local district courts are presided over by an elected part-time judge who may privately practice law.

[30] Randolph County has several facilities, monuments, and museums dedicated to preserving the history and culture of the area.

Randolph County also includes Hillyard Cabin and the Looney-French House, both listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Randolph County voters approved sales of alcoholic beverages during a November 2018 election.

The quorum court is the legislative branch of the county government and controls all spending and revenue collection.

[32][33] Since the late 20th century, Randolph County has transitioned from reliably Democratic to steady Republican in national, state and local elections.

Except for the Catholic John F. Kennedy in 1960, major nationwide Republican victories for Richard Nixon (1972) and Ronald Reagan (1984), and the candidacy of Alabama Governor George Wallace in 1968, the county supported every Democratic presidential candidate between 1896 and 2004.

[34] In Congress, Arkansas has been represented by two Republican senators (John Boozman and Tom Cotton) since January 3, 2015, ending a long history of Democratic hegemony.

Pocahontas and areas to the southeast are in the 20th along with Clay, Greene, Lawrence and a small portion of Craighead counties.

Areas north or west of Pocahontas are in the 19th along with Izard, Sharp, Independence and a small portion of Fulton counties.

[35] Randolph County has produced some successful statewide politicians, including Thomas S. Drew, Third Governor of Arkansas, Edwin R. Bethune, U.S. Representative from Arkansas, Drew Bowers, Republican gubernatorial nominee in 1926 and 1928, and William Jasper Blackburn, a Reconstruction U.S. Representative from Louisiana.

This tax is collected by the Randolph County Collector between the first business day of March of each year through October 15 without penalty.

This is due to early settlers in Arkansas tending to settle in small clusters rather than incorporated towns.

However, the United States census does list Arkansas population based on townships (sometimes referred to as "county subdivisions" or "minor civil divisions").

This highway runs across much of northern Arkansas, giving Randolph County access to Mountain Home, Harrison, Eureka Springs, and Fayetteville to the west.

[4] The Arkansas Department of Health (ADH) is responsible for the regulation and oversight of public water systems throughout the state.