Rashid Khan Zavid oghlu Gaplanov (Kumyk: Raşit-han Zabitni ulanı Qaplan, Azerbaijani: Rəşid xan Zavid oğlu Qaplanov, Russian: Рашид хан Завитович Капланов; 1883–1937), also known as Rashit-han Gaplanov, was a North Caucasian-Azerbaijani statesman of Kumyk ethnicity who served as the Minister of Finance and Minister of Education and Religious Affairs in the fifth and fourth cabinets of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.

After Denikin forces invaded the State bringing them under Russian rule, Kaplanov moved to Baku, Azerbaijan in early 1919.

He also spearheaded establishment of State Commission on General Education Reforms which eventually introduced the Azerbaijani alphabet based on Latin script.

He had a younger brother named Ibrahim (Irbay) Kaplanov (1887-1948), who in 1918 commanded the Kumyk Cavalry Regiment of the Mountainous Republic, and later fought in the White Army of Denikin.

His younger sister Najabat (1886-1979) was married to Temirbolat (Fyodor) Bekovich-Cherkassky (1870-1953), also the Kumyk biy (prince) and last Military Governor of Kabarda.