The ROC would not return to the Olympics until 1984 and under the name "Chinese Taipei" due to objections by the People's Republic of China over the political status of Taiwan.

The PRC, amid the height of the Cultural Revolution, boycotted the Olympics due to the ROC participation under the name "Republic of China".

21 competitors, 15 men and 6 women, took part in 41 events in 10 sports.

[1] In the first modern archery competition at the Olympics, the Republic of China entered only one woman.

Lightweight: Welterweight: Middleweight: Light heavyweight: Open Category: Finn: One male shooter represented Taiwan in 1972.