Historically, it used to be accompanied by slovoyers (enclitic -s added to one or several words of a phrase) and analytic verb form “изволить + infinitive”, both of which gradually fell out of use.
The choice between T and V forms is influenced by a number of factors, such as relative age and position, relationship between the speaker and the addressee, as well the general formality of the situation.
V-form is used in all formal circumstances, to address elders and superiors, or just to express respect and politeness (where a plain form is expected, however, using an honorific one unironically can sound uptight and distant).
Each of these components can be used alone or in different combinations; additionally, most given names have suppletively derived short form, which can be further suffixed to produce a number of diminutives conveying different emotional meaning and applicable in different contexts.
Much like other languages, in East Slavic one can address a person by words other than name or nickname, which can be divided into polite (e.g. господин (gospodin), “sir”), vernacular (e.g. братан (bratan), “bro”) and codified (such as military ranks and styles of office).
Common titles and appellations During the Soviet era, the word товарищ (comrade) served as a universal form of address.
Later it fell out of use due to its sexlessness and political connotations, while pre-Soviet styles seemed either archaic or too pompous (with the possible exception of the Ukrainian language, where the old honorific пан (pan) seems to be successfully revived).
Generally considered impolite when used towards people older than oneself (except close family members, though in Ukraine it is common to address one's parents with V-form) V-form: Polite way to address one's juniors and subordinates, or distantly known acquaintances, in moderately formal context Affectionate diminutive T-form: Demonstrates care and affection, though may be considered baby-talk.
May be used by elders within a family or close friends, rude otherwise Slang diminutive Expresses informal, brotherly attitude.