Generally, S100A12 has a significant anti-infectious and antibacterial role that is related to its ability to uptake ions.

In general, this signalling leads to cytokine production, chemotaxis and increased oxidative stress.

In endothelial cells, this signaling leads to activation of NFκB, under which the production of adhesion molecules such as ICAMs, VCAM or selectins is increased.

[10] This protein is proposed to be involved in specific calcium-dependent signal transduction pathways and its regulatory effect on cytoskeletal components may modulate various neutrophil activities.

[4] Cascades that are triggered by interaction of S100A12 with RAGE may play an important role in renal failure in hemodialysis patients.