[2] Other red flag symptoms which may suggest malignancy and warrant further investigation are fixation of the lump to the overlying skin, ulceration and induration (hardening) of the mucosa.
[3] Many diagnostic methods can be used to determine the type of salivary gland tumour and if it is benign or malignant.
[4] Biopsy: The removal of cells or tissues so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer.
An FNA is the most common type of biopsy used for salivary gland cancer and has been shown to produce accurate results when differentiating between benign and malignant tumours.
[8] Furthermore, high resolution ultrasound can identify the exact tumour location within the parotid gland, its relationship to the retromandibular vein and assist surgical excision.
[14][15] Targeted therapy - Due to the poor results with chemotherapy, it's urgent to explore novel therapeutic interventions for this disease.
Their expression seems not to be linked to its pathogenetic role in the development of SGCs, but more to the histogenetic origin of the tumour cells.
Various targeted agents, such as imatinib, cetuximab, gefitinib, trastuzumab, had been used for exploring new treatment for salivary gland tumours, but on account of the rare incidence of salivary gland tumours, the number of cases available on targeted therapy for analysis is relatively small.
[3][18] Saku et al. in 1997 [19] and Venturi [20][21] in 2021, reported the causal role for ionizing radiation in salivary gland tumorigenesis, particularly for mucoepidermoid carcinoma.