Typically found in stagnant and polluted water, it has been implicated in the infection of immunocompromised and near-drowned pneumonia patients.

[9] An ability to tolerate minimal aeration and high osmotic pressure[10] enables P. boydii to grow on soil, polluted and stagnant water and manure.

[11][13] After a 2–3 week incubation period, cleistothecia may form[13] containing asci filled with eight fusiform, one-celled ascospores[14] measuring 12–18 × 9–13 μm in diameter.

[11] While "fungus balls" can also form in other organs, they are commonly derived from host necrotic tissue resulting from nodular infarction and thrombosis of lung vessels following infection.

However, invasive pseudoallescheriasis can be found in patients with prolonged neutropenia, high-dose corticosteroid therapy and allotransplantation of bone marrow.

[18] Pseudallescheria boydii has also been implicated in pneumonia subsequent to near-drowning events with infection developing anywhere between a few weeks to several months after exposure yielding high mortality.

Typical host-related risk factors for infection include lymphopenia, steroid treatment, serum albumin levels of < 3 mg/dL and neutropenia.

[22] Detection and diagnosis of S. apiospermum is possible through isolation of the fungus in culture or through cytology and histopathology in the tissues of diseased individuals.

[10] A radiological diagnosis may be helpful in elucidating the extent of the disease in terms of bone and soft tissue involvement.

The characteristic shape, texture and colour of tissues can help identify S. apiospermum grains, which are often surrounded by an eosinophilic zone.

are similar in that they show septation of hyphae at regular intervals, have dichotomous branching and invade blood vessels.

[10] Culture detection is accomplished by rinsing "grains" in 70% ethanol and sterile saline solution to avoid bacterial contamination prior to inoculation on growth medium.

Selection of Scedosporium growth can be achieved on Leonian's agar supplemented with 10 g/mL benomyl, or on media containing cycloheximide or amphotericin B.

[18] Miconazole has shown the best in vivo activity; however, itraconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole have also been used in treatment, albeit with less success.

[5] In 2007, Thai singer Apichet Kittikorncharoen died due to a brain infection caused by this mold which developed after a 2003 car accident in which he fell in a canal in Bangkok, Thailand.