Schwieberdingen is located in the southwest part of the Neckar basin [de], in the center of the German state of Baden-Württemberg.

Schwieberdingen is characterized by a mild climate caused by its location in the southwest region of the Neckar basin.

Belonging to the Upper Rhine Valley and the Stuttgart Metropolitan Region, Schwieberdingen is in one of the warmest areas of Germany.

The average annual rainfall in Schwieberdingen is 679 millimeters (26.7 in), coming mostly between June and August as is normal in southern Germany.

According to the State Statistical Officer of Baden-Württemberg [de], the municipality of Schwieberdingen comprises 1,487 hectares (3,670 acres) total, as of 2014.

The State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Baden-Württemberg [de] has discovered two Neolithic settlements in Schwieberdingen.

In the 3rd century AD, the Alemanni conquered the Imperial province of Germania Superior and possibly established the first settlement in the municipal area.