In his international debut in March 2016, he won the advanced novice men title at the 2016 Coupe du Printemps.

He won the Central Ontario sectional, the 2017 Skate Canada Challenge, and the 2017 Canadian Championships junior titles.

[18] He attempted a quad Salchow for the first time in international competition at this event,[19] having included it in his free skate this season.

[24] In May 2018, he worked with choreographers Marie-France Dubreuil and Samuel Chouinard on an exhibition program for the upcoming season.

On November 4, 2018, Gogolev won another senior provincial title at the 2019 Skate Ontario Sectional Championships.

[28] Following the withdrawal of Andrew Torgashev from the Junior Grand Prix Final on November 12, Gogolev was added to the entry list as the sixth competitor.

[31] At the 2019 Canadian Championships, Gogolev, skating as a senior, performed a clean short program to take the lead with a score of 88.77 points.

[35] He skated cleanly in the short program, albeit with two jumping passes he described as "a little bit shaky", placing tenth.

[37] In 2019, Gogolev began representing the Granite Club with coach Lee Barkell, while training in Irvine, California with Rafael Arutyunyan.

[39][40] He was also included in the list of skaters forming Skate Canada's 2019–20 NextGen Team[41] posted on July 15, 2019.

At JGP Croatia Cup, Gogolev skated a clean short program to score 72.12 points and place sixth.

In the free skate, he landed a quadruple Salchow and two triple Axels, one in combination, but singled two of his jumps.

At the 2020 World Junior Championships, Gogolev popped his planned triple Axel in the short program into a single, resulting in a score of 67.27 and a placement of eighteenth.

He later explained that the tongue of his boot broke as he went to do the planned triple Lutz, prohibiting him from properly performing his remaining jump elements.

In December, he won the 2022 Skate Canada Challenge senior men's title, placing first in both the short and free programs.

Scheduled to be held in Sofia, Bulgaria, the championship was subsequently delayed from early March to mid-April and then relocated to Tallinn, Estonia, due to Bulgarian pandemic measures.

[52] On July 22, 2022, it was announced that Gogolev had been assigned to two Grand Prix events: 2022 Skate Canada International and 2022 NHK Trophy.

[55] He began his season at the 2022 Glacier Falls Summer Classic, where he debuted a new short program that he skated cleanly, scoring 88.68.

At his Grand Prix debut in Mississauga at the 2022 Skate Canada International, Gogolev made errors in his short program and placed eleventh.

[56] At 2022 NHK Trophy, Gogolev finished ninth in the short program, but came back in the free skate with a score of 152.01, placing seventh.

He finished twelfth of twelve skaters in the short program, making errors on all three jumping passes.

[60] He popped two jumps in the free skate, finishing eleventh in that segment, and said he had "mixed feelings" about the competition.

[62] On August 18 he began his season at a Skate Ontario sectional event in Waterloo, debuting his new short program.

[65] Prior to the 2024 Canadian National Figure Skating Championships Gogolev had a flare up of a back injury.

On June 9, 2024 Gogolev was assigned to two Grand Prix events: the 2024 Skate Canada International and the 2024 NHK Trophy.

[66] He left Rafael Arutyunyan in Irvine, California and moved his training base back to Toronto at the Granite Club with Lee Barkell.

[67] Gogolev withdrew from the 2024 NHK Trophy due to his ongoing back injury a few days prior to the event.