2M1X, 2M63, 3RC4, 4BSX, 4C0M, 5JEL148022106759ENSG00000127666ENSMUSG00000047123Q8IUC6Q80UF7NM_182919NM_014261NM_001385678NM_001385679NM_001385680NM_174989NP_891549NP_778154TIR domain containing adaptor molecule 1 (TICAM1; formerly known as TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β or TRIF) is an adapter in responding to activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs).

[5] Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize specific components of microbial invaders and activate an immune response to these pathogens.

After these receptors recognize highly conserved pathogenic patterns, a downstream signaling cascade is activated in order to stimulate the release of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as to upregulate the expression of immune cells.

Adapters are platforms that organize downstream signaling cascades leading to a specific cellular response after exposure to a given pathogen.

The pathogenesis of infectious disease, septic shock, tumor growth, and rheumatoid arthritis all have close ties with TLR signaling pathways, specifically to that of TICAM1 .