The province is named after Pampa del Tamarugal.

Spanish name: According to the 2002 census by the National Statistics Institute (INE), the province spans an area of 39,390.5 km2 (15,209 sq mi) and had a population of 22,531 inhabitants (14,175 men and 8,356 women).

[2] The province is administered by a presidentially appointed delegate.

Luz Eliana González Millas was appointed by president Gabriel Boric.

As a province, Tamarugal is a second-level administrative division of Chile, which is further subdivided into five communes (comunas).