Tanzania competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom from 27 July to 12 August 2012.

Tanzania did not compete at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, because of the African boycott.

The Tanzanian Olympic Committee sent the nation's smallest delegation to the Games since 2000.

Half of the team previously competed in Beijing, including marathon runner Zakia Mrisho Mohamed, who was the nation's flag bearer at the opening ceremony.

Tanzania did not win any medals, continuing a medal-less streak that has lasted since the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, where steeplechase runner Filbert Bayi, and long-distance runner Suleiman Nyambui won silver for each of their respective sporting events.