The tollway passes near Austin-Bergstrom International Airport at the interchange with SH 71 and runs in extreme east Austin.

In June 2002, Lone Star Infrastructure, a consortium of major highway construction contractors and civil engineering firms, was awarded a Comprehensive Development Agreement by TxDOT to design and build the section from I-35 in Georgetown to US 183 southeast of Austin.

[11] On June 28, 2006, a partnership between Cintra and Zachry American Infrastructure, developers of the Trans-Texas Corridor, reached a $1.3 billion agreement with the state to build segments 5 and 6 from US 183 southeast of Austin to I-10 in Seguin.

In exchange for the investment, the company received the right to collect tolls for 50 years in a revenue-sharing agreement with the state.

The state owns the road while the company is responsible for financing, design, construction, operation, and maintenance over the life of the agreement.

[13] In 2013, Moody's downgraded the company's debt to junk status due to low traffic revenues, raising the possibility that TxDOT might terminate its toll contract with the group.

[13] The company explored debt restructuring around December 2013,[14] and was in danger of a payment default in June 2014,[15] eventually filing for bankruptcy in March 2016.

[16] The Concession Company eventually exited bankruptcy in 2017 with a new owner in the form of investment firm Strategic Value Partners, who bought out Cintra's stake in the joint venture.

[18] Construction began in early 2009 on the final sections of SH 130, from Lockhart through Caldwell and Guadalupe counties to I-10, which opened on October 24, 2012.

[21] On March 2, 2016, the SH 130 Concession Company, who operates the toll road between Seguin and Mustang Ridge, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

[22] In 2013, House Bill 3682 was filed by state Representative Paul Workman with the goal of removing the tolls on SH 130 and re-designating the highway as an Interstate.