Known for its agricultural richness and cultural heritage, Thakurgaon is bordered by India to the north and features a predominantly rural landscape.

Thakurgaon consists mainly of flat alluvial plains, which are fertile and suitable for agriculture.

The Brahmaputra River and its tributaries flow through or near the district, providing essential irrigation and supporting local ecosystems.

The district's soil is predominantly alluvial, rich in nutrients, which contributes to its high agricultural output.

Thakurgaon had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 74.33%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 956 females per 1000 males.