Founded in 1973, the company operates a network of commercial and contracted local bus services and school buses in Berkshire, north Hampshire and small parts of Oxfordshire, Surrey and Buckinghamshire.

In March 2019 it was purchased by Reading Buses, with the company having gradually rebranded to its current name between October 2019 and April 2021.

[3] In 2000 Courtney Coaches commenced its first local route, 53 (Wexham Park Hospital - Maidenhead - Bracknell).

[12] Further expansion came in January 2009, when the shuttle service between Didcot Parkway station and Milton Park was expanded from one bus to two using a new low-floor double-deck vehicle at a cost of £175,000.

[13] Courtney moved its depot from Downmill Road, Bracknell to Hogwood Lane Industrial Estate in Finchampstead in late 2010.

[18][19] In December 2017, it was announced that Reading Buses was to take on three services withdrawn by First Berkshire & The Thames Valley in the Slough area.

[23] In January 2018, Courtney Buses expanded into Slough after taking over four routes in the area, which until that point, had been operated by First Berkshire & the Thames Valley.

[27][28] The Thames Valley Buses livery consists of a grey base with a green ‘valley of colour’ for routes in the Slough area, with lilac for the Heathrow routes, although the latter has been withdrawn (except for a 10A journey from Slough to Churchmead School during term time) due to cuts in bus funding from Heathrow.

With sister company Newbury & District's Bombay Sapphire contract ending in September of that year, it released an Enviro200 MMC to return to the Thames Valley fleet, receiving the finalised grey and orange livery for the Wokingham area routes.

In April 2021, services 10 and 459 were withdrawn due to Heathrow Airport Holdings cutting funding for buses, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, therefore the routes were deemed to no longer be sustainable to operate.

[36] Bill Courtney-Smith later bought half shares in Regenatec when the company experienced financial trouble in early 2009.

Since local bus service work began, the predominant type in the fleet has been the Optare Solo, although other vehicles are also owned.

Two notable buses delivered in 2006 were the only Alexander Dennis Enviro300s with East Lancs Esteem bodywork,[40] which left the fleet in 2011.