1956 Atlantic hurricane season

[nb 1] Betsy was also the deadliest of the season, having killed 18 people in the French West Indies, two from a shipwreck in the Caribbean Sea, and 16 in Puerto Rico.

The season officially started on June 15, although an unnamed storm developed about a week prior over the western North Atlantic Ocean.

A later storm that formed over the Gulf of Mexico on June 12 alleviated drought conditions in the south-central United States.

One of the final storms of the year, Greta, was an unusually large hurricane that produced high waves from Florida to the Lesser Antilles.

[nb 2] Instead, the inactivity was the result of the subtropical ridge being located further south than normal, which decreased the atmospheric instability across much of the basin.

[5] Precipitation fell across the entire United States gulf coast, and the highest rainfall total was 8.89 in (226 mm) in Golden Meadow, Louisiana.

The storm produced higher than normal tides, peaking at 4.7 ft (1.4 m) in Biloxi, Mississippi;[5] this was the highest since the 1947 Fort Lauderdale hurricane.

As it continued west-northwestward, it rapidly intensified into Tropical Storm Anna, and before moving ashore in Mexico near Ozuluama, Veracruz, on July 26 it attained hurricane status.

[9] The high winds wrecked several homes in poor regions of Tampico, Tamaulipas, while rainfall of 2.5 in (64 mm) resulted in flooding.

[14] On August 12, a slightly weakened Betsy struck southeastern Puerto Rico near Maunabo with winds of 100 mph (160 km/h) and quickly crossed the island.

[13][14] After exiting Puerto Rico, Betsy strengthened steadily as it headed generally northwestward, becoming a major hurricane on August 13 while centered north of the Turks and Caicos Islands.

An approaching cold front turned the storm to the northeast, and despite the unfavorable atmosphere, Carla intensified, reaching peak winds of 60 mph (95 km/h) late on September 9.

The interaction between the storm and a high-pressure system over the Great Lakes yielded a strong pressure gradient that produced gale-force winds over New England.

After Carla passed to the north of Bermuda, it became extratropical on September 10, according to HURDAT—the official hurricane database—and the annual report in the Monthly Weather Review.

A reconnaissance flight on September 11 estimated hurricane-force winds,[5] but reanalysis assessed these as being unrepresentative of Dora's true strength.

[9] Early on September 12, Dora peaked at 60 mph (95 km/h) shortly before striking land near Tuxpan with a minimum central pressure of 1,000 mb (29.53 inHg).

[5] On September 11, a tropical depression developed along the southern end of a quasi-stationary cold front over Grand Exuma Island in the Bahamas.

Bearing winds of 85 mph (135 km/h), Flossy struck near Venice, Louisiana, on September 24 after turning to the northeast, crossing the Mississippi River Delta.

The extratropical remnants moved through the southeast United States and emerged from North Carolina into the western Atlantic on September 27.

[5] The rainfall and the hurricane's accompanying storm surge caused widespread flooding and beach erosion in southeast Louisiana.

[19][22] The Intertropical Convergence Zone spawned a tropical depression on October 31 a short distance to south of easternmost Cuba.

[9] A high-pressure area east of the Mid-Atlantic states caused the depression to turn to the south on November 2 and loop to the southeast.

It attained hurricane status on November 4 while maintaining a large size (in fact, becoming one of the largest tropical cyclones known in the Atlantic basin); such strengthening is unusual in storms moving in a southeast trajectory.

Greta turned to the east and later northeast, reaching its peak of 100 mph (160 km/h) late on November 4 due to the energy transfer between levels of the atmosphere.

[9][5] Cooler waters caused subsequent weakening and gradual loss of tropical characteristics, and Greta transitioned into an extratropical storm on November 6, dissipating the next day.

In Puerto Rico, waves of 20 ft (6.1 m) left heavy damage and killed one person who did not heed an evacuation order.

Due to its slow movement, and based on ship reports, it is estimated that peak winds were 45 mph (70 km/h), with a minimum pressure recorded was 1002 mbar.

The system continued to crawl westward, weakening to a depression on November 21 at 12:00 UTC and degenerating later in the day to a trough of low pressure.

[3] A weak circulation developed late on July 4 beneath a cold mid-level trough in the Gulf of Mexico.

As it moved ashore, the system dropped heavy amounts of precipitation, with a total of 14.22 in (361 mm) reported in Whatley, Alabama.