The uncertain geographic context problem or UGCoP is a source of statistical bias that can significantly impact the results of spatial analysis when dealing with aggregate data.
[15] Traditional spatial analysis, by necessity, treats each discrete areal unit as a self-contained neighborhood and does not consider the daily activity of crossing the boundaries.
[17] If the boundary demarcating the study area is permeable to travel, then the phenomena under investigation within it may extend beyond, and be impacted by, forces excluded from the analysis.
[2] These technologies allow scientists to analyze and visualize the 3D space-time path of people moving through a study area, and better understand their actual activity space.
[2][15] These technologies have helped to address the problem by moving away from aggregate data and introducing a temporal component to the modeling of subject activity.