Virtual human
[13] Example: Lu is both the face of Magazine Luiza and assists users by addressing their queries and resolving problems through their Instagram channel.
William Fetter, a Boeing art director in early 20th Century, was the first person to draw a human figure using a computer.
The seven jointed "First Man", used for studying the instrument panel of a Boeing 747, enabled many pilot motions to be displayed by articulating the figure's pelvis, neck, shoulders, and elbows.
Combiman (Computerized biomechanical man-model) was specifically designed to test how easily a human can reach objects in a cockpit;[15] it is defined using a 35 internal-link skeletal system.
Another interesting Virtual Human, Buford was developed at Rockwell International to find reach and clearance areas around a model positioned by the operator.
[19] Some researchers have also used elementary volumes to create virtual human models e.g. cylinders by Poter and Willmert [20] or ellipsoids by Herbison-Evans.
In the early 1980s, Tom Calvert, a professor of kinesiology and computer science at Simon Fraser University, attached potentiometers to a body and used the output to drive computer-animated figures for choreographic studies and clinical assessment of movement abnormalities.
It featured a detailed human model and included realistic behavioral controls, anthropometric scaling, task animation and evaluation systems, view analysis, automatic reach and grasp, collision detection and avoidance, and many other useful tools for a wide range of applications. "
In the beginning of the Eighties, several companies and research groups produced short films and demos involving Virtual Humans.
In particular, Information International Inc, commonly called Triple-I or III showed the potential for computer graphics to do amazing things, by producing a 3D scan of Peter Fonda's head, and the ultimate demo, “Adam Powers, the Juggler".
In 1982, Philippe Bergeron, Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann and Daniel Thalmann produced Dream Flight, a film depicting a person (articulated stick figure) transported over the Atlantic Ocean from Paris to New York.
For this event, Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann and Daniel Thalmann simulated Marilyn Monroe and Humphrey Bogart meeting in a cafe in the old town of Montreal.
Mike was driven by a specially built controller that allowed a single puppeteer to handle many parameters of the character's face, including mouth, eyes, expression, and head position.
The Silicon Graphics hardware provided real-time interpolation between facial expressions and head geometry as controlled by the performer.
In 1989, Kleiser-Walczak produced Dozo, a computer animation of a woman dancing in front of a microphone while singing a song for a music video.
Then, "Terminator II" movie marked in 1991 a milestone in the animation of virtual humans mixed with real people and decors.
