Visonta coal mine

As of 2022, the West Pit section has been fully recultivated as a step towards the mine's reclamation.

East of the West Pit section is the East Pit I section, that borders the Mátra Power Plant in the north, and the municipality of Halmajugra in the south west.

As of 2019, the East Pit II section is partially recultivated, but still used for piling overburden with stackers (see fig.

The combined area of the East Pit I and II sections is 14 km2 (5 sq mi).

In July 1971, a bucket excavator sustained structural damage, which was believed to be caused by a design flaw.

In 2020, a 20 MWp photovoltaic power station was installed in the South Pit section on the overburden.

[11] The Visonta Coal Mine is operated by Mátrai Erőmű Zrt., a closely held joint-stock company; most of its shares were owned by EP Holding and Lőrinc Mészáros from 2017[12] until 2020.

[13] The mine is located in the western section of the eastern Mátraalja coalfield in the Pannonian Basin.

It is likely that the Mátraalja coalfield developed in the Pliocene, or possibly even later in the Miocene in a river delta.

[9] Statistically, this amount of lignite will be sufficient for firing the Mátra Power Plant until at least 2108 (data from 2008).

[16] German engineer Markus Kosma argues in his 2011 dissertation that the total lignite contained in the site – including the East Pit III section – is 400,000,000 t (440,924,524 short tons).

This sand layer has, due to calcium carbonate coagulation from seepage water, several irregularly occurring sandstone sections with a tickness that lies typically in the 0.2–0.3 m (8–12 in) range.

It is present in the entire site, except the western part of the South Pit section.

However, it was nonetheless mined in sections with a thickness of at least 0.5 m (20 in) using conventional excavators because of its high lower heating value.

[19] The lignite beds are covered by a 20–50 m (66–164 ft) thick sand and claystone layer that contains most of the site's sandstone.

The 0.5–2.7 m (2–9 ft) thick layer that separates the upper and lower bed does not contain lignite in significant quantities.

[20] The mined lignite is earthy-brown, wooden soft brown coal[24][6] of low quality.

This is only one third of the lower heating value of the lignite found in West Hungary near Tatabánya.

[8] Since 2006, swivel mining in combination with a conveyor belt overburden transport system has been used.

[26] In total, five bucket excavators (see figures 2-1, 2–6, and 2–7) are used to remove the sand layers covering the lignite beds.

2–3) are used to pile the overburden;[3] one bucket excavator and one stacker have been, since 1972,[28] directly connected in a "direct piling combination" of the SRsh type[29][3] that was developed by Takraf for the Visonta Coal Mine in the late 1960s.

The ARsh 5200.165 stacker has a 165 m (541 ft) long stacking arm[26] and a horizontal alignment system that allows it to climb 1:10 inclines without tipping over.

[28] The sandstone layers above the 0 bed is mined by contractors using conventional excavators and offroad lorries in a so-called shovel-and-truck operation.

About 10 per cent of the solid fuel burnt in the Mátra Power Plant is biomass (in 2019).

[13] The resources extracted from the plant's exhaust gasses are used to manufacture plasterboard and cement.

[31] The Mátrai Power Plant is an important economical factor for the Gyöngyös region.

The industrial estate surrounding the power plant had 1871 employees (in 2008), and generated a revenue of 37.7 bio.

Ft.[32] The pumping out of the groundwater affects the groundwater levels of the municipalities of Visonta, Halmajugra, Detk, Karácsond, Nagyfüged, Nagyút, Tarnazsadány, Tarnabod, Kompolt, Kápolna, Tófalu and Aldebrí, which damages buildings in these municipalities.

Figure 1-1
South Pit, May 2007
Figure 1-2
View from the north of the East Pit II section towards the west, May 2018
Figure 1-3
View onto the East Pit III section, August 2022
Figure 2-1
Bucket excavator in the South Pit section, in 2007
Figure 2-2
Conveyor belts used for transporting overburden, in May 2018
Figure 1-4
East Pit III section, August 2022
Figure 2-3
Piling of overburden with a stacker in the East Pit II section, May 2019
Figure 2-4
Bucket-chain dredger near East Pit II, May 2019
Figure 2-6
Bucket excavator TAKRAF SRs 1200 used for removing sand layers in the East Pit III section, August 2022
Figure 2–5
Stacker in the East Pit II section, July 2021
Figure 2–7
Bucket excavator used in the East Pit III section, August 2022
Figure 3-1
Mátra Power Plant , May 2018