Water polo competitions at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru were held from July 28 to August 10.

The venue for the competition was the water polo pool located at the Villa María del Triunfo cluster.

[1] A total of eight men's and eight women's teams (each consisting up to 11 athletes) competed in each tournament.

[2] Roster sizes were dropped from 13 to 11, in line with the decision made by FINA (International Swimming Federation) for the 2020 Summer Olympics.

Canada and the United States automatically qualified in each tournament, along with the top three teams at the 2018 Central American and Caribbean Games and top two teams at the 2018 South American Championships.