Xenopholis is a genus of rear-fanged snakes of the family Colubridae.

The genus Xenopholis is endemic to South America.

[1] The genus Xenopholis is characterized by distinctive vertebrae.

The spinous processes are expanded dorsally, forming shields which are rugose and divided by a median groove.

[3] Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Xenopholis.