[3] It ranges from the Indian subcontinent through southern China and Southeast Asia to northern Australia.

[4] The plant produces active phytochemicals, such as phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and carbohydrates.

The stem, bark, leaves, fruit, and roots are used in Ayurveda for the treatment of various conditions, such as ulcers, stomach aches, obesity, and asthma.

[8] In Burma the stem bark is used as a mouthwash for sore throats, for dysentery, and for inflammation of the uterus.

[9] Research in Thailand has found that extracts of ziziphine from Ziziphus oenopolia show antiplasmodial in vitro activity against the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum.