The 2005–06 Duke Blue Devils women's basketball team represented Duke University during the 2005–06 NCAA Division I women's basketball season.

The team was led by head coach Gail Goestenkors in her 14th season at the school, and played its home games at Cameron Indoor Stadium in Durham, North Carolina as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference.

1 seed in the Bridgeport region (East), the Blue Devils defeated Southern, USC, Michigan State, and UConn to reach the Final Four for the third time in five years.

Duke was one of three ACC schools to play in the 2006 Final Four, joining North Carolina and Maryland.

In the National semifinal round, the Blue Devils easily defeated LSU to advance to the National championship game where the team was beaten by conference foe Maryland, 78–75 in overtime.