As with the 2011 census, it enumerates the number of people in the country and surveys the demographic, economic, and social characteristics of the population, as well as the types of building stock available in the country.

[2] Smartphone and geolocation technologies were utilized in order to carry out the census.

[5] This demographic trend is expected to continue if fertility rates remain low, with the Hellenic Statistical Authority estimating the decline of the total population of Greece to 9.7 million by 2050 in that scenario.

[6] Official results for permanent population were published on 17 March 2023.

It has been argued that the accuracy of the 2021 census is questionable, due to its long duration, the inability of some people to answer it online, some refugees not being counted, the hostility of some people towards the state, land workers not being visited by the census workers and cases of census questionnaires being filled according to information by neighbors.