[4] The narrative is a part of a major section 2 Kings 9:1–15:12 covering the period of Jehu's dynasty.

[10] Some examples of the parabolic or allegoric style are provided in form of the ‘history repeating itself’.

[12] 2 Kings 14:28 can also be translated as “he recovered Damascus and Hamath to Judah in Israel” as if Jeroboam II recovered the territory of Judah back to “the kingdom of Israel”, forming a (semi)united kingdom.

[12] The historical records of Amaziah the king of Judah might be taken exclusively from the Judean annals.

[14] Azariah (2 Kings 15:1–7) managed to consolidate his father's conquest of Edom by claiming the port of Elath for Judah (cf.

[15] Historical records show that Adad-nirari III of Assyria claims a successful westward campaign in 806 BCE, defeating, among others, 'Omri-Land' (the name Assyrian uses for Israel) and also Edom (ANET 281-2).

Joash's army defeated Amaziah's at Beth-shemesh, on the borders of Dan and Philistia, then plundered Judah's palace and the temple, also broke down 200 meters of the 'particularly sensitive northern wall of Jerusalem', leaving the city defenseless.

[14] Jeroboam's reign outshines that of Joash, his father, as the northern kingdom enjoys a glorious period, when Aram-Damascus was ensnared between Israel and Assyria (cf.

[14] The prophet Jonah ben Amittai was active in Israel at the time and had forecast Jeroboam's successes, so this can be seen as God's will, like other previous political events, 'according to the word of the LORD, which he spoke by the hand of...' (cf.

[32] The inscriptions of this "Tell al-Rimah Stele" may provide evidence of the existence of King Jehoash (=Joash) of Israel, attest to the weakening of Syrian kingdom (cf.

[33] A postulated image of Joash is reconstructed from plaster remains recovered at Kuntillet Ajrud.