[1] The building was designed by captain Curt von François, in order to serve as headquarters of the imperial German Schutztruppe (colonial military force), during German colonization of South West Africa.

The location of Windhoek, which was deserted and completely destroyed at that time, was chosen because the Germans felt it would serve as a buffer zone between the Nama and Herero tribes.

The Alte Feste now served as military headquarters for the South African Union troops.

In 1935 the fort was used for a more peaceful purpose when it was converted into a hostel for the adjacent Windhoek High School.

The building today[update] accommodates the historic collection of the National Museum of Namibia.