[2] It is administered by the Amazonas State Environmental Office of the Venezuelan Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources.

[3] The reserve also contains the Serranía de la Neblina and Parima Tapirapecó national parks.

Habitats include lower montane rainforest with trees in the Clusia, Brocchinia, Ananas and Pitcairnia genera, semideciduous rainforest with trees such as Pourouma guianensis, Brownea ariza, Alexa superba, Cupania scrobiculata, Campinarana dominated by Eperua purpurea and holding Eperua falcata, Peltogyne caatingae and Aldinia discolor, lowland rainforest and palm forest with Oenocarpus bataua and Leopoldonia piassaba.

The main aim of the biosphere reserve is to preserve the homelands and traditional lifestyles of the Yanomami[a] and Ye'kuana peoples.

They cultivate yuca, musaceas, túpiro (Solanum sessiliflorum), Pijiguao (Bactris gasipaes) and Ñame (Dioscorea genus).