[4] Ashland lies along what was once a military road from Fort Dodge (now Dodge City, Kansas) to the north and Fort Supply in the Indian Territory to the south.

[9] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.68 square miles (4.35 km2), all of it land.

The 2020 United States census counted 783 people, 357 households, and 204 families in Ashland.

There were 452 housing units at an average density of 267.3 per square mile (103.2/km2).

38.9% of households consisted of individuals and 19.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 465 housing units at an average density of 276.8 per square mile (106.9/km2).

33.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

The community is served by Ashland USD 220 public school district.