The territory is home to small numbers of people from several different ethnic groups of the Arawak and Tucano linguistic families..

The territory overlaps with a national park and a biological reserve, both technically fully protected areas.

An area of 242,018 hectares (598,040 acres), or 93.73% of the reserve, overlaps with the Pico da Neblina National Park.

[1] The region contains large mineral reserves, including rich deposits of iron, manganese and niobium.

[4] The Morro dos Seis Lagos Biological Reserve was created by Amazonas state decree 12.836 of 9 March 1990.

[6] In October 1997 a scheduled auction of the niobium reserve was cancelled due to pressure from the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources, which objected to opening the mine since it is within two protected areas.

In 2006 Luciano de Vito was licensed to explore for cassiterite in 9,901 hectares (24,470 acres) of the territory.

[1] It was formally approved ("homologated") by president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva by decree on 22 December 2009.

FOIRN was supported by AINBAL, the National Indigenous Foundation (Rio Negro Region), the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio) and the Instituto Socioambiental.