[5] The first post office in Burlington was established in 1858, when it was removed from the now extinct town of Hampden.

[6] The population increased significantly as Wolf Creek Generating Station was constructed from 1977 to 1985.

[7] The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.

[8] The 2020 United States census counted 2,634 people, 1,136 households, and 648 families in Burlington.

38.6% of households consisted of individuals and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

There were 1,296 housing units at an average density of 589.1 per square mile (227.5/km2).

33.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

33.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

Located just northeast of Burlington is the Wolf Creek Generating Station, the only nuclear power plant in Kansas.

Wolf Creek Nuclear Operating Corporation ("WCNOC") operates the plant, and is a subsidiary of the plant's owners Kansas Gas & Electric (part of Westar Energy), Kansas City Power & Light (part of Great Plains Energy), and KEPCO (an association of Kansas electric power cooperatives).

Allen County Community College offers classes at Burlington High School, both for adults and for high school students who may earn concurrent credits.

The Burlington branch of the Coffey County Library meets the community's information needs.