The main categories of English-based creoles are Atlantic (the Americas and Africa) and Pacific (Asia and Oceania).
Sierra Leone, Malaysia, Nigeria, Ghana, Jamaica, and Singapore have the largest concentrations of creole speakers.
It is disputed to what extent the various English-based creoles of the world share a common origin.
The monogenesis hypothesis[2][3] posits that a single language, commonly called proto–Pidgin English, spoken along the West African coast in the early sixteenth century, was ancestral to most or all of the Atlantic creoles (the English creoles of both West Africa and the Americas).
British Virgin Islands Sint Maarten Puerto Rico[10] Saint-Martin Sint Eustatius Saba Mexico United States Norfolk Island Not strictly creoles, but sometimes called thus: