Ernst Julius Richard Ewald (14 February 1855 – 22 July 1921) was a German physiologist born in Berlin.
In 1880, after finishing his studies in mathematics, physics and medicine, he became an assistant to physiologist Friedrich Goltz (1834-1902) at the University of Strasbourg.
In 1900 he succeeded Goltz as chair of physiology at Strasbourg, a position he maintained until 1918.
From these studies the so-called "Ewald laws" are derived, which deal with the effects of endolymph motion on body, head and eye movements and also on the phenomena of excitation-inhibition asymmetries in the vestibular system.
[1] In 1892 he was given an award by the Paris Academy of Sciences for his monograph "Physiologische Untersuchungen über das Endorgan des Nervus octavus".